I. Ukubuka Konke Ngentuthuko Yokuthumela Ngaphandle Kwemboni Yezilwane YaseShayina
Njengoba ukwanda okukhulu kokufuywa kwezilwane emhlabeni wonke kuqhubeka, izidingo zokuvimbela nokulawula izifo zezilwane ngokwesayensi kanye nokuphathwa kokuphepha kokudla ekuzaleni kuye kwaqhubeka nokukhula, okuqhuba ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yemikhiqizo yezempilo yezilwane emhlabeni jikelele. Isekelwa uhlelo oluphelele lwezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe bemithi obuvuthiwe, umkhakha wezilwane waseShayina wakhe uchungechunge lwezimboni oluhlanganisa yonke into oluhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zenqubo ephelele okuhlanganisa ukubiliswa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kwama-API ezilwane, ukukhiqizwa kokwakheka okuqediwe, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwenkontileka okwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Njengoba benekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezinzile, ukuphathwa komkhiqizo okujwayelekile kanye namaphothifoliyo emikhiqizo ahlukahlukene, abakhiqizi bezilwane basekhaya abafanelekayo bahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo kanye nezinsizakalo ezisekelayo emapulazini amakhulu, abasabalalisi bezilwane kanye nemikhiqizo yezempilo yezilwane e-Asia, e-Afrika, eYurophu, eLatin America nakwezinye izifunda emhlabeni jikelele, bekhonza njengabaphakeli ababalulekile ngaphakathi kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwezilwane emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokuhlanganisa amazinga okuthobela imithetho yezimboni kanye nomthamo wenkonzo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, lesi sihloko sichaza abakhiqizi bezilwane basekhaya abasezingeni eliphezulu, amafektri ochwepheshe be-API yezilwane kanye nabaphakeli bokwakheka kwezilwane abahlanganisiwe, sihlanganisa amabhizinisi ayinhloko njengokukhiqizwa kwama-antibiotic ezilwane kanye nokucutshungulwa kwe-OEM okwenziwe ngokwezifiso. Siqokomisa izici zomkhiqizo, amandla obuchwepheshe kanye namamodeli okuphakelwa kwamanye amazwe ebhizinisi ngalinye, sisiza abathengi bomhlaba wonke ukuthola ngokunembile abalingani abahambisanayo nabazinzile besikhathi eside bemikhiqizo yezempilo yezilwane.
II. OKUYI-10 OKUPHEZULU OKWENZA I-Veterinary & API medicine e-China-Umhlinzeki Wezixazululo Zempilo Yezilwane
1. I-Hebei Lihua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Itholakala kuNombolo 3, Xinghua Street, Economic Development Zone, Xinle City, Hebei Province, China, iHebei Lihua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. ingumkhiqizi wezilwane wasekhaya ozinzile onamakhono aphelele. Njengoba ihlanganyele ezempilo yezilwane amashumi eminyaka, isebenza njengefektri yobungcweti ye-API yezilwane kanye nomhlinzeki wemithi yezilwane eyodwa, igxile ku-R&D yemithi yezilwane eqediwe, ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo okujwayelekile, ukuhweba ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezilwane okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kwe-OEM/ODM ngohlelo oluphelele lokusebenza kwezimboni.
Le nkampani yakhe izindawo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile ezihlonyiswe ngama-workshop amaningi esimanje kanye namasethi aphelele emigqa yokukhiqiza eqinisekiswe yi-GMP, yakha uhlelo lwezimboni oluvaliwe oluhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-API yezilwane, ukucubungula ukwakheka kanye nokuboniswa kobuchwepheshe bokuzala. Inezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ezihlanganisa imijovo yezilwane, uketshezi lomlomo, impuphu encibilikayo, ama-premixes, ama-boluse, amaphilisi kanye nemikhiqizo yokubulala amagciwane epulazini, enezincazelo eziphelele zokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuvimbela izifo, ukwelashwa kanye nokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kwezinkukhu, izingulube, izinkomo, izimvu kanye nezinye izifuyo.
Imishini yokugcwalisa nokupakisha ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Le nkampani isebenzisa ilabhorethri ezimele ye-R&D kanye neyokuhlola ukuze iqalise ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kwenqubo ephelele. Isebenzisa ulwazi olucebile lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, inikeza izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso okukodwa okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwefomula, ukwenza ngokwezifiso imininingwane kanye nokucutshungulwa kwamalebula angasese. Imikhiqizo yayo ithunyelwa emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni emhlabeni jikelele, ngezixazululo zokuvimbela izifo ezenzelwe izimo ezahlukahlukene zokuzalanisa.
2. I-Inner Mongolia i-Xinweiyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd.
I-Inner Mongolia i-Xinweiyuan Biochemical igxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-API ezilwane abilisiwe, esebenza njengomhlinzeki oyinhloko wezinto zokusetshenziswa zezilwane ezibilisiwe eNyakatho China. Imikhiqizo yayo eyinhloko ihlanganisa ama-antibiotic ezilwane abilisiwe, izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zebhayoloji zokwelapha izilwane.
Isekelwa yizisekelo ezinkulu zokubilisa zobungcweti kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe bokubilisa bezinto eziphilayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucwengisisa amakhemikhali, ivelele njengomkhiqizi othembekile wama-antibiotic ezifuyweni zasekhaya okhiqiza ama-API ezilwane acwengisiwe ahlanzekile kakhulu. Isebenza kahle, izinto zayo zokusetshenziswa zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwamagciwane okungekuhle kwe-Gram. Le nkampani inikeza ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingaguquki ezimbonini zokwenziwa kwezilwane kanye namabhizinisi ezempilo yezilwane ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, isebenza njengomlingani obalulekile wezinto zokusetshenziswa zemikhiqizo yezilwane eqediwe emhlabeni wonke.
3. I-Zhejiang Ruibang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Isekelwe eMpumalanga yeShayina, iZhejiang Ruibang Pharmaceutical iyinkampani ekhethekile egxile ekuhlinzekweni kwe-API yezilwane, enikeza izinto zokusetshenziswa zezilwane eziphelele nezihambisana kahle kakhulu okuhlanganisa ama-antibiotic ezilwane, ama-API e-anthelmintic kanye namakhemikhali emithi alwa nokuvuvukala.
Le nkampani ilandela ngokuqinile amazinga okulawula ikhwalithi yezimboni, ifakwe imishini yokukhiqiza ehambisana nomhlaba wonke kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola ubumsulwa obuphelele ukuze kutholakale ukulandeleka kuyo yonke imikhakha yokukhiqizwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlolwa kanye nokulethwa. Ihlinzeka ngezinto zokusetshenziswa eziningi ezinkampanini zemithi yezilwane zomhlaba wonke, abakhiqizi bokwenza kanye nabasabalalisi bemboni, isekela intuthuko eqhubekayo yemboni yezempilo yezilwane emhlabeni wonke ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo eqhubekayo kanye nezinsizakalo eziphelele zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa.
4. I-Jiangsu Zhengda Chemical Co., Ltd.
I-Jiangsu Zhengda Chemical izinikela ekucwaningeni nasekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zokubulala amagciwane kwezilwane, izinto zokulondoloza kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali ezempilo yezilwane, esebenza njengomhlinzeki wezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zezixazululo zokubulala amagciwane kwezolimo.
Imikhiqizo yayo eyinhloko ihlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa zokubulala amagciwane eziqondene nepulazi, izinto ezisetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali ezilwane kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zokwengeza ukudla okuhlanzekile. Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezivuthiwe kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqinile, igcina ukulawula okuqinile amazinga ezinsalela zomkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kokuphepha. Njengoba yamukelwa kabanzi emapulazini amakhulu emfuyo, imikhiqizo yayo isiza ngempumelelo ukuvimba ukudluliselwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zesisu nezokuphefumula ezilwaneni, ihlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zokubulala amagciwane okuzinzile kakhulu kubakhiqizi bezilwane emhlabeni jikelele.
5. Uphiko Lwezempilo Yezilwane lweQilu Pharmaceutical Group
Isekelwa yisisekelo esijulile semboni yezokwelapha seQilu Pharmaceutical Group, i-Animal Health Division isungule uchungechunge oluphelele lwezimboni oluhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-API yezilwane kuya ekucutshungulweni kokwenziwa okuqediwe, oluphakathi kwabakhiqizi bezempilo yezilwane abanamandla baseShayina.
Iphothifoliyo yayo eyinhloko yomkhiqizo ifaka phakathi ama-antibiotic ezilwane ane-spectrum ebanzi, izithasiselo zokudla ezisebenzayo kanye nezinhlobo ezikhethekile zokulwa nokutheleleka kwezingulube, izinkukhu, izilwane ezidla inyama kanye nezilwane zasemanzini. Imodeli yokukhiqiza egcwele ehlanganisiwe iqinisekisa ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo obuzinzile kanye nokuvumelana kweqembu ngenkathi iletha izinzuzo zezindleko ngomthamo wokukhiqiza omkhulu, okwenza kube ngumhlinzeki oyinhloko wokubambisana wabasabalalisi bezempilo yezilwane abaphakathi nabakhulu kanye namabhizinisi okufuya emhlabeni jikelele.
6. I-Guangdong Dahuanong Animal Health Products Co., Ltd.
Njengenkampani ebhalisiwe egxile emikhiqizweni yezilwane, iGuangdong Dahuanong igxile emikhakheni emithathu eyinhloko: imijovo yezilwane, amalungiselelo ezinto eziphilayo kanye nezithasiselo zokudla ezikhethekile. Ingumkhiqizi wasekhaya oqokwe ngokusemthethweni wemijovo yezifo ezinkulu zezilwane okuhlanganisa umkhuhlane wezinyoni kanye ne-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS).
Le nkampani yakhe izindawo zocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezindawo zokuhlola ezihlanganisa ilabhorethri ebalulekile yezilwane kanye nelabhorethri ye-Biosafety Level 3. Igcina ukubambisana kwesikhathi eside phakathi kwemboni neyunivesithi kanye nocwaningo namanyuvesi aphezulu ezolimo ukuze ithuthukise njalo ubuchwepheshe bokugoma kanye nezixazululo zomkhiqizo. Imikhiqizo yayo yezinto eziphilayo ifanelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi yokuzalanisa emikhulu, ihlinzeka ngezinhlelo zokuvimbela izifo ezihlelekile zamapulazi ezinkukhu nezingulube ngemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezitholakala ezimakethe zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
7. I-Sichuan Kelun Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Isebenzisa izinhlelo zokukhiqiza zemithi ezivuthiwe zeKelun Group kanye nokulawula ikhwalithi, iSichuan Kelun Animal Pharmaceutical igxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemijovo yezilwane esezingeni eliphezulu ehlanzekile, impuphu encibilikayo kanye nezindlela zokuhlanganisa ezihlanganisiwe.
Ama-workshop ayo okujova alandela amazinga aqinile okulawula angenamagciwane ukuze anciphise kakhulu izingozi zokutheleleka kwesibili ngemva kokwelashwa kwezilwane, aqinisekise ukuphepha komkhiqizo okuvelele kanye nokuzinza. Le nkampani ibambisana nezikhungo zocwaningo lwezifo zezilwane zomhlaba wonke ukuthuthukisa imithi emisha ehlose izifo ezivamile zezilwane ezifana ne-Escherichia coli, i-Salmonella kanye ne-Pasteurella. Imikhiqizo yayo ihlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe zase-Afrika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwezinye izifunda, ithola ukuqashelwa okuphezulu kwamanye amazwe.
8. I-Zhengda Qingda Animal Health Products Co., Ltd.
Isebenzisana neqembu elikhulu lezolimo nokufuya izilwane lamazwe ngamazwe, iZhengda Qingdao Animal Health Products yethula izinqubo zokukhiqiza izilwane ezithuthukisiwe emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi ezijwayelekile, ivumelanisa izindlela zayo zokulawula ukukhiqiza nezidingo zemakethe yomhlaba wonke.
Igcina uhlu oluphelele lomkhiqizo oluhlanganisa imijovo yezilwane, ama-antibiotic alwa namagciwane kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane yemfuyo ukuze kwaneliswe izidingo zokuzalanisa izingulube, izinkukhu, izilwane ezidla inyama kanye nezilwane ezihambisana nazo. Isekelwa yinethiwekhi yokusatshalaliswa komhlaba wonke yeqembu, inikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okufanayo kubasabalalisi bezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe, ibambe isabelo semakethe esizinzile eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eMpumalanga Ephakathi nakwezinye izifunda zaphesheya kwezilwandle.
9. I-Shandong Nuowei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
I-Shandong Nuowei Pharmaceutical ingumkhiqizi wezokwelapha wezilwane ochwepheshe oseShandong, ogxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwemikhiqizo yezilwane ejovwayo yezigaba eziningi.
Imikhiqizo yayo ifaka phakathi imijovo yokulwa namagciwane, amafomula okulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nemijovo yezithako zokudla okunempilo yemfuyo, enezincazelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezenzelwe izinkomo, izimvu, izinkukhu kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuzala. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlanzekile kakhulu zihlolwa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ukuqinisekisa ukugcwala koketshezi okufanayo kanye nokusebenza kahle okuzinzile. Le nkampani igcina ukubambisana okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside nabathengisi bezilwane eYurophu naseLatin America.
10. I-Ningxia Tarui Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
I-Ningxia Tarui Biotechnology ingumkhiqizi okhethekile wasekhaya ogxile kuma-API ezilwane e-sulfonamide kanye nezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali, kanye nezinzuzo ezivelele zobuchwepheshe kanye nomkhiqizo kule ndlela yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukanisiwe.
Le nkampani iqhubeka nokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokwenziwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-sulfonamide ukuze ikhiqize izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlanzekile kakhulu nezihambisana kahle nezihambisana kahle namafomula e-compound akudala ahlanganisa ama-sulfonamides, ama-synergists kanye ne-colistin. Imikhiqizo yayo isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izifo zesisu ezibangelwa amagciwane angenayo i-Gram emfuyweni ngokusebenza okuthembekile, okusebenza njengomlingani wezinto zokusetshenziswa eziqinile isikhathi eside kubakhiqizi abaningi bezilwane emhlabeni jikelele be-OEM.
III. Izinzuzo Zokubambisana Okuyinhloko Zochungechunge Lokuhlinzeka Ngezilwane lwaseShayina Kubathengi Bakwamanye Amazwe
1. Ukusekelwa Okuphelele Kwezimboni Ezigcwele
Imboni yezilwane yaseShayina yakhe uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka oluphelele oluvaliwe olunabakhiqizi bezilwane basekhaya abasezingeni eliphezulu, amafektri e-API yezilwane kanye nabaphakeli bokwakheka kwezilwane abasebenza ngokubambisana. Ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zokubilisa eziphilayo kanye nezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali, kanye nokucubungula phansi kwama-antibiotic ezilwane, imijovo ehlukahlukene, izimpushana, uketshezi lomlomo, ama-boluse kanye nemijovo yezilwane. Isekelwa uhlelo lokucubungula lwe-OEM lwezilwane oluvuthiwe, inikeza izixazululo zokuma okukodwa zezidingo ezahlukahlukene zabathengi okuhlanganisa ukuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuthengwa komkhiqizo oqediwe ngobuningi, ukukhiqizwa kwenkontileka okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokulethwa kwe-oda elihlanganisiwe.
2. Ukukhiqizwa Okuhambisanayo Nokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Okujwayelekile
Bonke abakhiqizi abavezwe kulesi sihloko banesitifiketi se-GMP sezilwane esisemthethweni sikazwelonke, kanye nemisebenzi yokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ikhwalithi ezihambisana nemininingwane yezimboni. Ukuhlolwa kwenqubo ephelele kanye nokuqapha kusetshenziswa izinkomba eziyinhloko ezifaka phakathi ubumsulwa bezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuncibilika kwamanzi, ukuzinza kokusebenza kahle, izinsalela zemithi kanye nokuvumelana kweqembu, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana komkhiqizo nezindinganiso zokungenisa kwamanye amazwe eziningi.
3. Izinsizakalo Zokukhiqiza Izinkontileka Eziguquguqukayo Ezenziwe Ngokwezifiso
Izimboni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza ezimelelwe yi-Hebei Lihua Pharmaceutical zinikeza izinsizakalo ze-OEM eziguquguqukayo kubasabalalisi bomhlaba wonke be-B-end kanye nemikhiqizo yezempilo yezilwane, zisekela izidingo ezenziwe ngezifiso njengokuhlungwa kwefomula, ukwenza ngokwezifiso imininingwane yomkhiqizo, ukupakishwa kwamalebula azimele kanye nokulethwa kweqembu elixubile, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuthengisa nokusetshenziswa kokuzalela ezimakethe ezahlukene zesifunda.
4. Amandla Okukhiqiza Asezingeni Elikhulu kanye Nomthamo Wokuphakelwa Ozinzile
Amabhizinisi ezilwane ahamba phambili asekhaya ahlonyiswe ngemigqa yokukhiqiza ngobuningi ezenzakalelayo ehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ngokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile. Kugcinwa izinqolobane ezanele zezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezimpahla eziqediwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nama-oda amaningi aphesheya kwezilwandle, okugwema ngempumelelo ukushoda kwesitoko kanye nokuguquguquka kweqembu ngesikhathi sokubambisana kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuqinisekisa uchungechunge lokuthengwa oluzinzile.
IV. Isiphetho
Naphezu kokwanda kwemakethe yezempilo yezilwane emhlabeni wonke, imboni yezilwane yaseShayina isibe yisisekelo esibalulekile somhlinzeki wezilwane emhlabeni wonke ngochungechunge lwayo oluphelele lwezimboni, ukuphathwa kokukhiqiza okujwayelekile kanye namaphothifoliyo emikhiqizo ahlukahlukene. Amabhizinisi ezilwane zasekhaya amboza izingxenye eziningi eziyinhloko kufaka phakathi ama-API ezilwane, ama-intermediate amakhemikhali, imijovo yezinto eziphilayo, amafomula aphelele kanye nezinsizakalo ze-OEM ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, okwanelisa ngokugcwele zonke izinhlobo zezidingo zokuthengwa kwamanye amazwe.
Phakathi kwazo, i-Hebei Lihua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., umkhiqizi wezilwane ophelele kanye nefektri esemthethweni ye-API yezilwane, ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwefomula yezilwane yesigaba esigcwele, umkhiqizo omkhulu wama-antibiotic ezilwaneni, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okukhulu kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezilwane kwe-OEM okuguquguqukayo okwenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ifaneleka kakhulu kubathengi bomhlaba wonke abafuna amaphakheji aphelele enziwe ngokwezifiso emijovo, uketshezi lomlomo, impuphu encibilikayo neminye imikhiqizo. Ngokubambisana nabahlinzeki befomula yezilwane basekhaya abathobelayo kanye nabakhiqizi bezinto zokusetshenziswa, izinhlobo zezilwane zaphesheya kwezilwandle, amapulazi amakhulu kanye nabathengisi bezempilo yezilwane abathengisa ngobuningi bangafinyelela imikhiqizo yezempilo yezilwane yaseShayina ehambisana kahle, engabizi kakhulu kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe bobuchwepheshe bokuzalanisa ukuvimbela izifo, ukubhekana ngempumelelo nokutheleleka kwamagciwane okuvamile kanye nezinselele zokulawula izifo ekulimeni kwezilwane.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Yabathengi Baphesheya Kwezwe
Umbuzo 1: Ingabe ukuthobela imithetho yemikhiqizo yezilwane yaseShayina ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuqinisekisiwe?
Bonke abakhiqizi ababhalwe kulesi sihloko banezitifiketi ezisemthethweni zokukhiqiza i-GMP yezilwane. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukuhlola kanye nokulawula ikhwalithi zihambisana ngokugcwele nezindinganiso zemboni yezilwane zasekhaya, ngamaqoqo emikhiqizo alandelekayo. Imibhalo yokuhlola yokuhambisana efanele inganikezwa ngokwezidingo zemakethe zaphesheya ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinqubo ezijwayelekile zokuthumela ngaphandle.
Isikhumbuzo Esengeziwe: Abathengi bayelulekwa ukuthi baqinisekise ngokuzimela isitifiketi se-GMP sebhizinisi ngalinye, ububanzi bokukhiqiza kanye neziqu zokuthumela ngaphandle ngaphambi kokubambisana okusemthethweni.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe abathengi baphesheya bangakwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso imininingwane kanye namafomula emikhiqizo yezilwane?
Izimboni eziningi ezinkulu zezilwane zasekhaya zinikeza izinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Amafomula, imininingwane yomkhiqizo kanye nokupakishwa kwangaphandle kungalungiswa ngokuya ngezinhlobo zokuzalanisa, izici zobhubhane kanye namazinga emakethe amazwe ahlukene, kuhambisane nezidingo zokuthengisa emakethe yendawo kanye nezicelo zokuzalanisa.
Umbuzo 3: Yiziphi izigaba zemikhiqizo eziyinhloko ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yizinkampani zezilwane zaseShayina?
Imikhiqizo emikhulu yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ifaka phakathi ama-API ahlukahlukene ezilwane, ama-antibiotic emfuyo, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibulala amagciwane, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziqeda amagciwane, kanye nezindlela zokwenziwa eziqediwe ezifana nemijovo, uketshezi oluphuzwayo, impuphu encibilikayo, ama-premixes kanye nemithi yokugomela izilwane, ehlanganisa izidingo zempilo yezilwane kuzo zonke izifuyo, ukufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini kanye nezimo zokuzalela izilwane ezihambisanayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-28-2026 | Ukubukwa okungu-7
