Ama-multivitamin ayizithako zokudla okunempilo ezenzelwe ngqo imfuyo emikhulu (njengezinkomo nezimvu). Anezinkomba eziningi ezahlukene, afanelekela ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, okuhlanganisa ubumpumputhe basebusuku, izifo zokuzala, ama-rickets, isifo semisipha emhlophe, i-anemia, kanye nezifo zezinselo. Okwamanje, anganikeza ukwesekwa kokudla okunempilo ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka kwezilwane (njengokuhamba, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nokugula) futhi athuthukise ukumelana komzimba. Ngokuphathelene nezakhiwo zemithi, ahlanganisa amavithamini ancibilika emafutheni (A, D, E, K, njll.) namavithamini ancibilika emanzini (i-B complex, C, njll.). Zonke izingxenye zisebenza ngokubambisana, okuvumela ukumuncwa okusheshayo nokusetshenziswa ngumzimba wesilwane, okusebenzisa imiphumela yokwengeza ukudla okunempilo kanye nokulawula i-metabolism.
- Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini ancibilikayo emafutheni: Ukuntuleka kwevithamini A kubangela ubumpumputhe ebusuku (ngesilinganiso sokwanda esingu-12%) kanye nezinkinga zokuzala (ukwehla okungu-18% kwesilinganiso sokukhulelwa); ukuntuleka kwevithamini D kuholela ekuqhekekeni kwezicubu ezilwaneni ezincane (ukwanda okungu-25% kwengozi yokuqala); ukuntuleka kwevithamini E kubangela isifo semisipha emhlophe (ukwanda okungu-40% ekufeni kwamathole).
- Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini ancibilikayo emanzini: Ukuntuleka kwevithamini B12 kuholela ekuntulekeni kwegazi (okubangela cishe u-8% wabantu); ukuntuleka kwe-biotin kwandisa ukwanda kwezifo zezinselo ezinkomeni zobisi ngo-30%; ukuntuleka kwevithamini C kwandisa ukutheleleka kokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka (ukwanda kwengozi ngo-30%).
- Ukulungisa ukuntuleka: Ngemva kwesonto eli-1-2 lokufaka ukudla, izinga lokuphulukiswa kwezimpawu zamehlo ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwevithamini A lifinyelela ku-90%, kanti izinga lokuphulukiswa kwe-anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwevithamini B12 lidlula ku-85%.
- Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhiqiza: Ukwengeza amavithamini A no-E ngesikhathi sokuzala kungandisa izinga lokukhulelwa ngo-15-20%; ukufaka i-biotin ezinkomeni zobisi kunciphisa izifo zezinselo ngo-40% futhi kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kobisi ngo-5-8% (idatha evela ku-Journal of Animal Science, 2023).
- Ukuqinisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka: Ukwengezwa ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka kunganciphisa izinga lokutheleleka ngo-30% futhi kufinyeze isikhathi sokululama ngo-20% (ucwaningo lwe-OIE 2023).
- Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okunamandla: Njengoba ithuthukiswe ngokwezidingo zokudla okunempilo zezinhlobo ezahlukene, ingahlangabezana ngokunembile nezidingo zokwengeza amavithamini zezilwane ezinkulu ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhula.
- Ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha okuphezulu: Ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, ihlanzekile kakhulu futhi itholakala kalula ngaphezu kuka-90%. Uma isetshenziswa ngokwesilinganiso, ayikho ingozi yokuba yingozi. Ukuqinisekiswa kwezokwelapha kukhombisa ukuthi inganciphisa izindleko zezilwane ngo-12-18% (idatha evela ku-Veterinary Record).
- Kulula futhi kuyasebenza: Kutholakala kokubili ngezindlela eziwuketshezi neziqinile. Uketshezi lungaxutshwa ngqo namanzi okuphuza, kanti okuqinile kungaxutshwa nokudla, okufanele ukusetshenziswa eqenjini elikhulu futhi kungonga izindleko zabasebenzi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-09-2025 | Ukubukwa okungu-1
